What is the process of flocculation defined as?

Flocculation is defined as the aggregation of particles during water treatment. This process involves the formation of clumps or flocs from smaller particles, typically suspended solids or colloids, in water. During flocculation, a chemical agent, often called a flocculant, is added to the water, which induces the smaller particles to coagulate and form larger aggregates. This is a critical step in water treatment processes, as it facilitates the subsequent removal of these larger particles through sedimentation or filtration.

Flocculation is particularly important in the treatment of drinking water and wastewater because it helps to clarify the water by removing contaminants and reducing the turbidity, making the water safer and more pleasant for human consumption. It contrasts with processes like disaggregation, which would involve breaking down particles rather than bringing them together. Additionally, while the removal of sediments through filtration is part of water treatment, it follows the flocculation process rather than being synonymous with it. Lastly, the addition of chemicals to enhance water taste is unrelated to the physical processes of particle aggregation and the treatment of water quality.