Why is monitoring species diversity important in aquatic systems?

Monitoring species diversity in aquatic systems is crucial because it serves as an indicator of the health and stability of the ecosystem. A diverse range of species typically signifies a well-functioning ecosystem, as various organisms contribute to the ecological balance and resilience against environmental changes. When species diversity is high, it often means that the ecosystem can better withstand stressors such as pollution, habitat alteration, or climate change, and it can recover more effectively from disturbances.

Conversely, a decline in species diversity can signal underlying problems, such as pollution or habitat loss, which may lead to ecosystem collapse if not addressed. Therefore, tracking changes in species diversity allows scientists and conservationists to assess the impact of human activities and natural events on aquatic ecosystems, guiding management efforts to protect and restore these vital environments.